Sectoral heterochromia is a condition where different parts of the iris (the colored part of the eye) have different colors. It is typically caused by a genetic mutation that affects the production or distribution of pigments in the iris.The specific gene or genes responsible for sectoral heterochromia have not been conclusively identified, and the condition is likely to be caused by multiple genetic factors. However, some studies have suggested that mutations in the genes that regulate the development and distribution of melanocytes (the cells that produce pigment) during eye development may play a role in sectoral heterochromia.For example, the gene OCA2 (oculocutaneous albinism 2) has been implicated in some cases of sectoral heterochromia. Mutations in the OCA2 gene are known to cause various types of albinism, a condition characterized by a lack of pigment in the eyes, skin, and hair. It is thought that certain mutations in the OCA2 gene may result in irregular distribution of melanocytes in the iris, leading to sectoral heterochromia.